Gempa Maluku
Penjelasan Atas Terjadinya Gempa Maluku Hari Ini
Gempa yang terjadi di perairan antara Sulawesi dan Maluku itu terjadi akibat aktivitas subduksi ganda lempeng laut Maluku.
Peta
pusat gempa dan peringatan dini tsunami di Maluku Utara, Sulawesi
Utara, Sulawesi Tengah, Gorontalo, dan Maluku akibat gempat berkekuatan
7,3 Skala Ritcher, Sabtu (15/11) pukul 09.30 WIB. (Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika)
Gempa
bermagnitudo 7,3 terjadi pada Sabtu (15/11) pukul 09.31 WIB. Dengan
pusat gempa pada koordinat 1.95 Lintang Utara, 126.46 Bujur Timur,
kedalaman 48 kilometer, gempa mengguncang wilayah Sulawesi Utara seperti
Bitung dan Manado.
Bagaimana gempa tersebut terjadi? Pakar
tektonik dari Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Irwan Meilano,
mengungkapkan, gempa yang terjadi di perairan antara Sulawesi dan Maluku
itu terjadi akibat aktivitas subduksi ganda lempeng laut Maluku.
Subduksi
ganda tersebut terbentuk akibat tekanan dari lempeng laut Filipina di
sebelah timur, pada zona Halmahera, dengan laju penunjaman 6,7 cm per
tahun. Di barat, lempeng Eurasia menekan ke timur dengan laju 1,7 cm per
tahun pada zona Sangihe.
"Akibat penunjaman tersebut, terjadi
kompresi arah barat dan timur di bagian tengah, " urai Irwan saat
dihubungi Kompas.com, hari ini. Kompresi kemudian memicu aktivitas
kegempaan.
Kompresi tersebut pada hari ini memicu gempa. Gempa
terjadi dengan mekanisme sesar naik. Gempa seperti itulah yang biasa
terjadi akibat di zona subduksi. Biasanya, gempa dengan mekanisme sesar
naik juga yang memicu tsunami.
Berdasarkan informasi Badan
Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika, gempa mengakibatkan tsunami
kecil setinggi 0.03 meter di Manado dan 0,9 meter di Halmahera, Maluku.
Gempa juga mengakibatkan sebagian bangunan di lantai 7 Hotel dan Plaza
Lion Manado ambruk.
Meski gempa hari ini hanya memicu tsunami
kecil, Irwan mengungkapkan bahwa wilayah antara Sangihe dan Halmahera
punya potensi gempa yang tinggi. Gempa besar pernah terjadi tahun 1858
dan memicu tsunami.
Sementara potensi gempa tinggi, kesiapan
menghadapi gempa tergolong rendah. Irwan mengatakan, peringatan dini
tsunami di wilayah Halamera, Sangihe dan Sulawesi Utara masih belum
terbangun dengan baik. Akibatnya, kerentanan tinggi. Perbaikan dan
peningkatan kewaspadaan diperlukan.
(Yunanto Wiji Utomo/Kompas.com) dan National Geographic Indonesia
Visitor geology: Earthquake Maluku
Elucidation of the earthquake occurrence Maluku Today
An earthquake in the waters between Sulawesi and Maluku was caused by the activity of the double subduction plate Maluku sea.
Map of the epicenter and
the tsunami early warning system in North Maluku, North Sulawesi, Central
Sulawesi, Gorontalo, and Maluku due to the quake measuring 7.3 on the Richter
Scale, Saturday (15/11) at 09.30 pm. (Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics)
7.3 magnitude earthquake occurred on Saturday (15/11) at
9:31 pm. Coordinate with the epicenter at 1.95 degrees northern latitude,
126.46 East Longitude depth of 48 kilometers, the earthquake shook the region
such as the North Sulawesi Bitung and Manado.
How did the earthquake happen? Specialists tectonics of the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Irwan Meilano, said the earthquake that occurred in the waters between Sulawesi and Maluku was caused by the activity of subduction double plate Maluku Sea.
Subduction double was formed by the pressure of the plates ocean Philippines in the east, the zone Halmahera, the subduction rate of 6.7 cm per year. In the west, the Eurasian plate presses eastward at a rate of 1.7 cm per year on Sangihe zone.
"As a result of the subduction, compression occurs west and east in the middle," Irwan explained when contacted Kompas.com, today. Compression triggering seismic activity.
Compression is today triggering earthquakes. The earthquake occurred with a reverse fault mechanism. Earthquake like that commonly occurs as a result in subduction zones. Typically, an earthquake with a reverse fault mechanism also triggered a tsunami.
Based on the information the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics, the earthquake resulted in a small tsunami 0:03 meters tall and 0.9 meters in Manado in Halmahera, Maluku. The quake also resulted in part of the building on the 7th floor and Plaza Lion Hotel Manado collapsed.
Although today's earthquake just triggered a small tsunami, Irwan said that the area between the Sangihe and Halmahera has a high seismic potential. Large earthquakes have occurred in 1858 and triggered a tsunami.
While the potential of high earthquake, earthquake preparedness is low. Irwan said the tsunami early warning in the region Halamera, Sangihe and North Sulawesi still not developed well. As a result, the high vulnerability. Improvement and increased vigilance is needed.
How did the earthquake happen? Specialists tectonics of the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Irwan Meilano, said the earthquake that occurred in the waters between Sulawesi and Maluku was caused by the activity of subduction double plate Maluku Sea.
Subduction double was formed by the pressure of the plates ocean Philippines in the east, the zone Halmahera, the subduction rate of 6.7 cm per year. In the west, the Eurasian plate presses eastward at a rate of 1.7 cm per year on Sangihe zone.
"As a result of the subduction, compression occurs west and east in the middle," Irwan explained when contacted Kompas.com, today. Compression triggering seismic activity.
Compression is today triggering earthquakes. The earthquake occurred with a reverse fault mechanism. Earthquake like that commonly occurs as a result in subduction zones. Typically, an earthquake with a reverse fault mechanism also triggered a tsunami.
Based on the information the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics, the earthquake resulted in a small tsunami 0:03 meters tall and 0.9 meters in Manado in Halmahera, Maluku. The quake also resulted in part of the building on the 7th floor and Plaza Lion Hotel Manado collapsed.
Although today's earthquake just triggered a small tsunami, Irwan said that the area between the Sangihe and Halmahera has a high seismic potential. Large earthquakes have occurred in 1858 and triggered a tsunami.
While the potential of high earthquake, earthquake preparedness is low. Irwan said the tsunami early warning in the region Halamera, Sangihe and North Sulawesi still not developed well. As a result, the high vulnerability. Improvement and increased vigilance is needed.
(Yunanto Wiji Utomo / Kompas.com) and National Geographic
Indonesia
Komentar
Posting Komentar